{"id":2172,"date":"2015-05-26T22:28:51","date_gmt":"2015-05-26T22:28:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/landward.org\/wac\/?page_id=2172"},"modified":"2017-01-12T19:17:19","modified_gmt":"2017-01-12T19:17:19","slug":"colonialism-identity-and-social-responsibility","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wac-5\/wac5-program\/colonialism-identity-and-social-responsibility\/","title":{"rendered":"Colonialism, Identity And Social Responsibility"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Convened By<br \/>\nRichard Hingley (UK) and Alejandra Korstanje (Argentina)<\/p>\n<p>Theme Details<br \/>\nAt heart, archaeology is a colonialist endeavor. It is based on, and generally perpetrates, the values of Western cultures. Privileging the material over the spiritual and the scientific over the religious, archaeological practice is solidly grounded in Western ways of knowing the world. At the beginning of the 21st century, it is a truism that \u2018doing\u2019 archaeology is a political act and archaeologists routinely have to recognize that many groups have rights and responsibilities in the themes, materials and locations that are studied. This theme explores the relationships between colonialism, identity and social responsibility.<\/p>\n<h2>Sessions<\/h2>\n<h3>Colonialism And Identity: Origins And Otherness<\/h3>\n<p>Organized By<br \/>\nPedro Funari (Brazil), Chris Gosden (UK) and Richard Hingley (UK)<\/p>\n<p>Session Details<br \/>\nPeoples\u2019 views of their identity is compounded of ideas about origins and ideas about Otherness: where people think they come from and how they differ from others contributes in large part to their feelings of identity. Colonialism has caused massive changes in thoughts about identity, partly through changing peoples\u2019 thoughts about their origins and who constitutes the Other. European cultures are very much colonial products. In the eighteenth to the earlier twentieth centuries they often sought for \u2018civilized\u2019 origins in Greece and Rome in a manner influenced by their contemporary imperial relationships. On the other hand they also sought \u2018primitive\u2019 origins comparing their prehistory to the \u2018modern Stone Age peoples\u2019 of Africa, New Guinea or the Americas. Effectively, Europeans tried to deny \u2018civilised\u2019 origins to those who were not deemed civilised in the then present: the most notorious case being the amount of effort Rhodes and others spent on looking for a non-African origin for Great Zimbabwe, but is something which also happened with the mound builders of North America and a range of other cases. As well as considering European views about others, we want also to explore how other cultural forms have created notions of identity, otherness and origin through colonial experiences. Diasporic cultures have special interests in origins and identity shaped by their colonial experience, for instance. We also need to consider how far clich\u00e9d notions of origins and identity are current within archaeology and anthropology and what forms of critique we need to provide new forms of thought about identity.<\/p>\n<p>This session aims to explore case studies from a range of societies across the world and the general perspective is derived from colonial discourse theory<\/p>\n<p>Presentations<br \/>\nColonialism Begins At &#8216;home&#8217;: Nationalism, Colonization And The Invention Of Modern Greece<br \/>\nYannis Hamilakis (Dept of Archaeology, University of Southampton, UK) Rome, Eurocenticism and western identity<br \/>\nRichard Hingley (University of Durham, UK)<br \/>\n\u2018Contested Ground\u2019: Archaeology, Identity And The Romanian City Of Alba Iulia<br \/>\nIan Haynes (Birkbeck College, University of London, UK) Brazilians and Romans: colonialism, identities and the role of material culture<br \/>\nPedro Paulo A. Funari (Campinas State University, Brazil)<br \/>\nTradition And Colonialism: &#8216;Roman-ness&#8217; In 4th Century Britain<br \/>\nAndrew Gardner (Institute of Archaeology, University College, London, UK) The Depiction of Roman Monumentality in Brazil<br \/>\nRenato Pinto (Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil)<br \/>\nDifferences And Similarities In Mesoamerican Archaeology: Theoretical And<br \/>\nmethodological Implications<br \/>\nBernd Fahmel Beyer (Instituto de Investigaciones Antropologicas, UNAM) Origins and the Erasure of Otherness: Marc Lescarbot\u2019s Histoire de la Nouvelle-France<br \/>\nBrian Brazeau (The American University of Paris, Paris, France)<br \/>\nIron Marshalltown Of Serbia: Ethnography Of An Archaeological Community<br \/>\nSta_a Babi (Department of Archaeology, University of Belgrade) Internal colonialism and the domestication of otherness in Colombia<br \/>\nCrist\u00f3bal Gnecco (Departamento de Antropolog\u00eda, Universidad del Cauca)<br \/>\nThe Colonial Origins Of Modernity<br \/>\nChris Gosden (Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, UK) Wedding ancient history to modern Brazil: perceptions of Egyptianizing motifs in daily life<br \/>\nMargaret M. Bakos (PUCRS, Brazil)<br \/>\nAgricultural Origins, Ethnocentrism And Identity In Papua New Guinea<br \/>\nTim Denham (Flinders University, South Australia) Colonialism and identity: origins and otherness, The construction of archaeological identities in Lebanon: archaeology, colonialism, nationalism and Frankenstein<br \/>\nTamima Mourad (Beirut, Lebanon)<br \/>\nColonialism And Material Culture: A Case Study Of Relationships Between Colonial Collectors And Collections, Donor Community And The Holding Museum<br \/>\nGilbert Oteyo (University of Nairobi) Mapping colonial narratives: the archaeology of western South America<br \/>\nDavid Kojan (Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, USA)<br \/>\nTowards A Critical Ethnohistory Of The Encomienda System In Puerto Rico: 1509-1520<br \/>\nGabriel De La Luz-Rodr\u00edguez (Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA) Excavating the Colonial in a Postcolonial Context: An Example from Hong Kong<br \/>\nHilary du Cros (Research Fellow, Department of Management, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China)<br \/>\nColonialism, Landscape, And Ethnicity, Through The Dialectics Of Post-W.W.II Discourse, And Alternate Interpretative Frameworks, In Kokoda, Papua New Guinea<br \/>\nNick Araho (Papua New Guinea National Museum)<\/p>\n<p>Session Time<br \/>\nDay Monday Date 23rd June<br \/>\nTime 9am-1pm &amp; 4-6pm Room Hannan 106<\/p>\n<h3>The History Of Archaeology In The Service Of &#8216;Isms&#8217;<\/h3>\n<p>Organized By<br \/>\nAna Cristina N. Martins (Portugal) and Michael Cremo (USA)<\/p>\n<p>Session Details<br \/>\nAna Cristina N. Martins<br \/>\nPortuguese Association of Archaeologists (amartins@ippar.pt)<\/p>\n<p>Michael Cremo<br \/>\nBhaktivedanta Institute, USA (mcremo@compuserve.com)<\/p>\n<p>Among all the sciences, archeology has come to play a central role in defining the goals of nations and humanity in general. Our identities and the goals that we set for ourselves, individually and collectively, are to a large extent determined by our picture of our past. We define ourselves in terms of our past. And the exploration of our human past is largely in the hands of archeologists. But archeology also must define itself, and define its search for the human past, in terms of its present existence. Archeology does not exist in a vacuum.<\/p>\n<p>Archeologists themselves are not purely archeologists. They are human beings, situated in male and female bodies, speaking specific languages, and raised in certain cultures, societies and specific time.<\/p>\n<p>And archeology as a discipline, as a social group, is also exposed to the very same influences. And some would go further and say that there is no such thing as a &#8220;pure archeology,&#8221; an essential archeology that is transformed by various influences. Some would maintain that such influences themselves act to produce &#8220;archaeologies&#8221; of various kinds. There is no pure essential archeology and neither are there pure essential archeologists.<br \/>\nAnd what is archeology anyway? From its very beginnings, archeology has been a diverse discipline, with practitioners involved in a variety of fields of action, ranging from paleolithic archeology to medieval archeology and modern industrial archeology. Others are implicated primarily in teaching archeology in a variety of settings. Other archeologists are involved in storing and displaying the results of excavations. Some are concerned in rescue archeology and contract archaeology. Others are involved in policy making. Others are involving historical sites. The money that pays the salaries of all of these archeologists, and that pays the expenses involved in the publication, storage, and display of the results of their work, comes from sources within the surrounding society, that archeology serves. Does this influence the theory and practice of archeology? Since archeology has found a place in the modern university system, it also exists in relation to other academic disciplines, sharing in their overall worldviews, such as the biological theory of evolution, the physical and chemical theories underlying various dating methods, and theories of human psychology and sociology. In many ways, archeologists individually, and archeology as a discipline reacts to political, social, religious, and scientific pressures.<\/p>\n<p>Since archeology is funded by national governments, archeology is arrayed in national groupings, but there is also an overlay of international funding sources. These national and international al-funding sources have their own political and social characters, not only individually, but also in relation to each other. And this introduces not only considerations of nationalism but colonialism and imperialism. Does standardization of archeology praxis really result in standard archeology? What have been and what are and what will be the relationships among archeology and the various isms with which it is found associated? This is the central question we wish to explore, from an historical perspective. Therefore, we invite papers that explore the historical relationship among archeologists (individually and\/or collectively) and the variety of isms to which they&#8217;re exposed, with a view to arriving at some understanding how these passed events in the history of archeology have influenced the archeology of today and how they will influence the archeology of the future. In a certain way, we pretend to explore the following themes:<\/p>\n<p>1. Discontinuity of or in archaeological record?<br \/>\n2. Post-processualism versus Processualism?<br \/>\n3. Diversity of Archaeological Record or Record of Diversity? The Problematic of the &#8220;Pre&#8221; and &#8220;Proto&#8221;.<br \/>\n4. The images of Archaeology: Reality or Invention?<br \/>\n5. The Public side of Archaeology: Reality or Myth?<br \/>\n6. Archaeology from Episteme to Praxis or from Praxis to Episteme?<\/p>\n<p>We sincerely hope that this special session will assume a real forum character, where will &#8211; and must -, be discussed and changed every kind of national, regional and local experiences in all these research fields, without any kind of prejudgement or misunderstanding.<br \/>\nPresentations<br \/>\nPrehistoric: What Does It Mean?<br \/>\nPascale Binant (France) The Nineteenth Century California Gold Mine Discoveries: Archaeology, Darwinism, and Evidence for Extreme Human Antiquity<br \/>\nMichael Cremo (Los Angeles, CA 90034 USA)<br \/>\nHeresy In The Camp: Hueyatlaco, A 250,000 Year Old Mammoth Hunter Site From Central Mexico And It\u2019s Treatment By Darwinism In Late 20th Century USA<br \/>\nVirginia Steen-McIntyre (Idaho Springs, CO 80452 USA) Correlation of Artefact Horizons at the Hueyatlaco Archaeological Site with Sangamonian (sensu lato = 80,000 to ca. 330,000 yr BP) Age Diatomaceous Samples, Cores, Measured Sections from the Valsequillo Region south of Puebla, Mexico. A Case of Clovis Dogmatism in Archaeology<br \/>\nSam L. VanLandingham (Consulting Environmentalist\/Geologist, 1205 West Washington, Midland, USA)<br \/>\nThe Discursive Space Of Post World War 2 Japan And The Fate Of Archaeological Discourse In Post-Modernity<br \/>\nKoji Mizoguchi (Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan) Renaissance, Rhinos and the Politics of Archaeology in South Africa<br \/>\nPia Bombardella (Research Unit for the Archaeology of Cape Town, Centre for African Studies, University of Cape Town)<br \/>\nArchaeology In The Service Of Kemalism In Turkey<br \/>\nFahri Dikkaya (Settlement Archaeology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Social Sciences Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey) Hillforts: the invention and reinvention of nationality (Portugal during the 19th and 20th centuries)<br \/>\nAna Cristina N. Martins (Portuguese Association of Archaeologists, Largo do Carmo, n\u00ba 4, 1\u00ba D.to Lisboa, Portugal)<br \/>\nChosen Glories \/ Chosen Traumas: The Selection Of An Archaeological Narrative In Ireland<br \/>\nIan Russell (Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland) Archaeology after World War II: The legacy of Gustaf Kossinna and Kulturkreis<br \/>\nIan Russell (Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland)<\/p>\n<p>Session Time<br \/>\nDay Wednesday Date 25th June<br \/>\nTime 9am-1pm Room Pryzbyla 351<\/p>\n<h3>Anglo-American And Hispanic Marxist Archaeologies<\/h3>\n<p>Organized By<br \/>\nRandall H. McGuire (USA) and Rodrigo J. Navarrete (Venezuela)<\/p>\n<p>Session Details<br \/>\nOrganized by:<\/p>\n<p>Randall H. McGuire<br \/>\nProfessor of Anthropology<br \/>\nDepartment of Anthropology<br \/>\nBinghamton University<br \/>\nBinghamton, NY, 13902-6000<br \/>\nrmcguire@binghamton.edu<\/p>\n<p>Rodrigo J. Navarrete<br \/>\nProfesor Asociado<br \/>\nEscuela de Antropolog\u00eda<br \/>\nFacultad de Ciencias Econ\u00f3micas y Sociales<br \/>\nUniversidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas<br \/>\nbf81014@binghamton.edu<br \/>\nFORMAT: OPEN DISCUSSION<\/p>\n<p>The symposium is organized in three sessions of no more than seven participants each and a final discussion session with all participants and the public. Papers will be prepared in advance and be made available for the participants as well as the audience to read before the meetings. There will be no formal public reading of the papers during the sessions but an open discussion of the topics among the participants and with the audience. Every session will begin with short (10 minute) opening statements by the discussants that summarize and put together the issues to be discussed and opening questions for the debate. The discussants (or others) will close the sessions with conclusive remarks and some input for discussions in the next session.<\/p>\n<p>The history of Marxism in Western archaeology is a hidden one. The Marxist tradition of thought had a profound impact on Western archaeology from the 1940&#8217;s onward but this influence was rarely explicitly recognized. U.S. and British scholars working in the 1950s risked harassment, loss of support, and dismissal if they explicitly adopted Marxism. In other parts of the world such as Spain and various countries in Latin America an explicit engagement with Marxism could result in imprisonment or death. An explicitly Marxist archaeology developed in the Soviet Union in the 1920s and 1930s, but with the notable exception of V. Gordon Childe, few Western archaeologists knew of it. In the United States Marxism had a profound but largely unacknowledged influence on the New Archaeology of the 1960s. In parts of Europe and in Latin America Marxism became a major theoretical approach in archaeology in the 1970s with a few English-speaking archaeologists also adopting the theory. It is undeniable that the development of Marxist archaeology owes a great debt to Latin American archaeologists and the theory of Social Archaeology that they developed in the 1970s. It was only with the advent of alternative archaeologies in the 1980s that Marxism picked up a significant following among English-speaking archaeologists.<\/p>\n<p>In the last few decades of the 20th century Marxism became a significant feature of archaeological theory in the Western, Capitalist World. This has happened at the exact same moment that Marxism diminished as a political force in the world with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the conversion of China from a totalitarian socialism to a totalitarian Capitalism. Archaeologists may reasonably ask what is Marxism in the 21st century and what does it have to offer archaeological theory in this changed world.<\/p>\n<p>The purpose of this session is to critically explore the utility of Marxism for the study of archaeology. The session will consider three major themes: (1) what is Marxist Archaeology? (2) Current trends and applications of Marxist archaeology, and (3) What is the future for a Marxist archaeology?<\/p>\n<p>Range Of Participants And Perspectives To Be Included<\/p>\n<p>The session will consider Marxism in an international context that compares and contrasts Marxist approaches to archaeology in the English and Spanish speaking worlds. It includes researchers from Latin America, Europe, and North America. Participation is balanced with a roughly equal number of Spanish speaking and English speaking participants. The languages of the session will be Spanish and English.<\/p>\n<p>1st session: What is a Marxist archaeology?<br \/>\nThis session will focus in the definition of Marxism as an approach to study, understand and interpret the past. It will compare and contrast Marxism to other approaches. It will consider basic definitions of Marxism as a social science, its use for the study of human history, conceptual and methodological definitions of Marxist archaeology, and commonalties and differences among different Marxist approaches to archaeology. The question is not only if there is a Marxist archaeology but also what kind of Marxisms are involved or should be involved in archaeological discourses and practices.<\/p>\n<p>2nd session: Current applications of Marxist archaeology.<br \/>\nThis session the shift the focus to younger archaeologists and to innovative approaches, especially case studies, current in Latin America, Europe, and North America. The idea is to explore how the theoretical and methodological tools developed during the last thirty years are being applied in different contexts and to what extent they have been successful in interpreting the past or in creating new avenues for archaeological inquiries.<\/p>\n<p>3rd session: Praxis in a Marxist Archaeology.<br \/>\nOne of the basic premises of Marxist theory is that the study of society should have as its goal changing society. This session will exam ethical and political issues in the relation between present and past, and the social use of archaeology. It will build on the positions from the first session as it examines how different Marxist approaches may, or may not, engage in theoretically informed social action in different contexts.<\/p>\n<p>Discussion (4th) session: What is the future of a Marxist archaeology?<br \/>\nBased on the analyses of the current state of Marxist archaeology in the first three sessions, this session will contextualize Marxism within the contemporary world n in order to analyze its expectations, prospective and orientation for the future. In this session the consequences and impact of Marxism in general on current archaeology will be discussed, as well as how it can impact the future of our discipline. This session will be organized as a general discussion of all the participants and the public. It will be moderated by the session organizers and led by a panel of archaeologists. The members of the panel will include Iraida Vargas, Vicente Lull, Bruce Trigger, and Luis Lumbreras. In the end, the panel will discuss the conclusions of the whole symposium and will try to put together a summary of the agreements and disagreements.<\/p>\n<p>Participants:<br \/>\nManuel Aguirre-Morales P. (Peru)<br \/>\nO. Hugo Benavides (USA &amp; Ecuador)<br \/>\nReinhard Bernbeck (USA &amp; Germany)<br \/>\nBradley E. Ensor (USA)<br \/>\nJordi Estevez (Spain)<br \/>\nTrish Fernandez (USA)<br \/>\nPedro Paulo A Funari (Brazil)<br \/>\nErmengol Gassiot Ballb\u00e8 (Spain)<br \/>\nRafael Gass\u00f3n (Venezuela)<br \/>\nGladys Gordones (Venezuela)<br \/>\nVicente Lull (Spain)<br \/>\nLuis G. Lumbreras (Peru)<br \/>\nChristopher N. Matthews (USA)<br \/>\nRandall H. McGuire (USA)<br \/>\nRafael Mic\u00f3 (Spain)<br \/>\nLino Meneses P. (Venezuela)<br \/>\nLuis Molina (Venezuela)<br \/>\nRodrigo Navarrete (Venezuela)<br \/>\nMaria O&#8217;Donovan (USA)<br \/>\nBeatriz Palomar Puebla (Spain)<br \/>\nCristina Rihuete Herrada (Spain)<br \/>\nRoberto Risch (Spain)<br \/>\nMario Sanoja (Venezuela)<br \/>\nBruce Trigger (Canada)<br \/>\nIraida Vargas-Arenas (Venezuela)<br \/>\nAssumpci\u00f3 Vila (Spain)<br \/>\nLouAnn Wurst (USA)<br \/>\nPresentations<br \/>\nExcavando Modos De Producci\u00f3n: El Problema De La Congruencia Entre Teor\u00eda<br \/>\ny M\u00e9todos\/t\u00e9cnicas En La Arqueolog\u00eda Social Latinoamericana<br \/>\nRodrigo Navarrete (Escuela de Antropolog\u00eda, Universidad Central de Venezuela) Walking the Talk: Rethinking Marxism and Archaeology<br \/>\nMaria O&#8217;Donovan (Public Archaeology Facility, SUNY Binghamton, USA) and LouAnn Wurst (SUNY Brockport, USA)<br \/>\nEl Lugar Del Genero En La Arqueolog\u00eda Social Latinoamericana<br \/>\nGladys Gordones (Museo Arqueol\u00f3gico de la Universidad de Los Andes) Arqueologia Marxista En Venezuela: \u00c1rea En (De)Construcci\u00f3n<br \/>\nRafael Gass\u00f3n (Depto. de Antropolog\u00eda, Venezuela)<br \/>\nMarxism In Front Of State Formations<br \/>\nVicente Lull, Rafael Mic\u00f3, Cristina Rihuete Herrada and Roberto Risch (Dept. d\u2019Antropologia Social i Prehist\u00f2ria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona) The Process of Accumulation in Pre-Capitalist Societies<br \/>\nMario Sanoja and Iraida Vargas-Arenas (Escuela de Antropolog\u00eda, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas)<br \/>\nLa Contradiccion Basica En Sociedades \u201cCazadoras-Recolectoras\u201d<br \/>\nJordi Est\u00e9vez (Univ. Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona) and Assumpci\u00f3 Vila (CSIC. Barcelona)<br \/>\nPalmares: a Marxist approach to the archaeology of a runaway settlement<br \/>\nPedro Paulo A Funari<br \/>\nA Political Economic Analysis Of Mexican Miners In The California Gold Rush<br \/>\nTrish Fernandez (Pacific Legacy, USA) Revisi\u00f3n De La Arqueolog\u00eda Del Noroeste De Venezuela (Reviewing Northwestern Venezuelan Archaeology)<br \/>\nLuis E. Molina (Escuela de Antropolog\u00eda, Universidad Central de Venezuela)<br \/>\nHow Kinship And Marriage Structure Political Economy, Social Crises, And Social Transformations In &#8220;Crow-Omaha&#8221; Societies<br \/>\nBradley E. Ensor Arqueolog\u00eda de la praxis o la superaci\u00f3n de la escisi\u00f3n entre teor\u00eda i pr\u00e1ctica en la arqueolog\u00eda marxista<br \/>\nBeatriz Palomar Puebla (Departament d\u2019Antropologia i Prehistoria, Universitat Aut\u00f3noma de Barcelona) and Ermengol Gassiot Ballb\u00e8 (Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, USA)<br \/>\nSocial Archaeology And Indian Claims Of The Past: Theory And Praxis<br \/>\nO. Hugo Benavides (Fordham University, USA) Is Praxis Agency? A Marxist Perspective<br \/>\nReinhard Bernbeck (SUNY Binghamton, USA) and Randall McGuire (SUNY Binghamton, USA)<br \/>\nLa Arqueolog\u00eda Social Y La Producci\u00f3n De Conocimientos Socialmente \u00datil<br \/>\nAntrop. Lino Meneses P. (Museo Arqueol\u00f3gico de la Universidad de Los Andes) Public Dialectics: Marxist Reflection In\/Of Archaeology<br \/>\nChristopher N. Matthews (Hofstra University, USA)<br \/>\nLa Arqueolog\u00eda Social En El Per\u00fa<br \/>\nManuel Aguirre-Morales P. (Departamento de Antropolog\u00eda Social y Prehistoria, de la Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Barcelona, Spain)<\/p>\n<p>Session Time<br \/>\nDay Sunday &amp; Monday Date 22nd &amp; 23rd June<br \/>\nTime 9am-1pm &amp; 4-6pm (Sun Room 22nd: Hannan 106; 23<\/p>\n<h3>Archaeology And Cultural Diversity<\/h3>\n<p>Organized By<br \/>\nBozena Webart (Sweden) and Luiz Oosterbeek (Portugal)<\/p>\n<p>Session Details<br \/>\nThe main issue is cultural interactionism and cultural diversity all over the world. The European perspective can be exemplified by, for instance, Bronze Age in temperate Europe and in the Mediterranean world: Bronze Age Temperate Europe was linked to the contemporary Mediterranean world as the result of contacts and interactions. Contacts between Bronze Age Temperate Europe and the contemporary Mediterranean world reached deep into the continent, and were also significant for Mediterranean societies themselves. The important centres of the Mediterranean world &#8211; Mycenae, Crete, Troy, and Etruria &#8211; spread their culture and influence when northern feeder routes entered the arteries of maritime trade, which connected the urban world. Although islands such as Cyprus, Crete, and Sardinia played a crucial role in the westward spread of urban systems, long-term growth was concentrated in areas, which had a continental hinterland. The marginal routes created by successive phases of westward expansion &#8211; along the Danube and Black Sea, across the Alps, and later west to Spain\/Portugal- were vital in determining the future expansion of the great centres of Mediterranean civilization. Cultural changes, in as much as they can be read from the archaeological record, are primarily a factor of movement of people, migration or colonization. The close relationship of artefacts, material culture and cultural identity in this context is considered, of course, self-evident. However, it is not fixed and stable features, such as dress, material culture or language, which identify a group, but its boundaries separating from other groups, as well as the maintenance of these flexible boundaries which form its distinctive character. Globalism, pluralism and the potentials of the past are a common denominator in studies of human changes and cultural identities. The role of archaeology in construction and legitimizing of collective identities is one of the most important questions in archaeological theory and practice. Cultural identity in archaeology can be interpreted as a conglomerate of different cultural manifestations in different societies. Cultural identity is a flexible and subjective phenomenon, it is a process: societies can change identities, and can identify themselves with different groups of people and societies. Interactions with other groups can influence the group&#8217;s own cultural identity. Cultural identity can, therefore, be seen as a social, diversified and dynamic phenomenon, which can be (and often is) affected and altered by social and cultural interactions. There is no reason to separate the two, previously different, scientific traditions in archaeology: &#8220;classical&#8221; or Mediterranean and &#8220;prehistoric&#8221;. By equalizing differences between these two research fields and between &#8220;Oriental&#8221; and &#8220;West&#8221;, the positive role of the past will be emphasized. The positive role of the past can be likewise illuminated through transnational scientific co-operations between European and non-European Eastern Mediterranean countries. The interactive co-operation with non-European countries, together with the large-scale perspectives, is one of the most important issues.<\/p>\n<p>Presentations<br \/>\nChanging Quantity Into Quality: Common Trends And Conflicting Diversity In Later Prehistoric Europe<br \/>\nLuiz Oosterbeek Three case studies of forager\/agropastoralist interaction during the advent of the Iron Age in southern Africa: a human osteological perspective<br \/>\nAlan G. Morris (Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Observatory 7925 SOUTH AFRICA)<br \/>\nHeritage As Socio-political Dialogue<br \/>\nDr. H\u00e5kan Karlsson and Dr. Anders Gustafsson (Bohusl\u00e4ns Museum, Box 403, 451 19, Uddevalla, Sweden) A New Look at the Multi-Regional Theory<br \/>\nAdam Chou PhD<br \/>\nHow Did Archaic Homo Become Homo Sapiens Sapiens?<br \/>\nCarol W. Hill (87 Sammis Avenue, Deer Park NY 11729, USA) New Darwinism, old problems: Evolutionary theory and racist practice<br \/>\nSam Hardy<br \/>\nThe Spread Of Iron Technology In Europe &#8211; Sweden And Greece<br \/>\nChristina Risberg (University Museum, Uppsala, Sweden) Prehistoric Cultural Interaction: A View from Central Thailand<br \/>\nKamolthip Thansawangdumrong and Sawang Lertrit (Department of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok 10200, Thailand)<\/p>\n<p>Session Time<br \/>\nDay Wednesday Date 25th June<br \/>\nTime 4-6pm Room Pryzbyla 351<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Convened By Richard Hingley (UK) and Alejandra Korstanje (Argentina) Theme Details At heart, archaeology is a colonialist endeavor. It is based on, and generally perpetrates, the values of Western cultures. Privileging the material over the spiritual and the scientific over the religious, archaeological practice is solidly grounded in Western ways of knowing the world. At &#8230; <a title=\"Colonialism, Identity And Social Responsibility\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wac-5\/wac5-program\/colonialism-identity-and-social-responsibility\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Colonialism, Identity And Social Responsibility\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2159,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2172","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2172"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2773,"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2172\/revisions\/2773"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldarchaeologicalcongress.com\/wac5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}